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用户名:攸宁 笔名:攸宁 地区: 行业:其他 |
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我们背着石头,走在去路上的路上。
Earthquake and Hope
BEIJING
In the aftermath of the great Sichuan earthquake, we’ve seen a hopeful glimpse of China’s future: a more open and self-confident nation, and maybe — just maybe — the birth of grass-roots politics here.
In traveling around China in the days after the quake, I was struck by how the public and the news media initially seized the initiative from the government. Ordinary Chinese are traveling to the quake zone to help move rubble, and tycoons, peasants and even children are reaching into their pockets to donate to the victims.
“I gave 500 yuan,” or about $72, a man told me in the western city of Urumqi. “Eighty percent of the people in my work unit made donations. Everybody wants to help.”
Private Chinese donations have already raised more than $500 million. That kind of bottom-up public spirit is a mark of citizens, not subjects.
Immediately after the earthquake, the Propaganda Department instinctively banned news organizations from traveling to the disaster area. But Chinese journalists ignored the order and rushed to Chengdu — and the order was rescinded the next day.
Initial score: Propaganda Department, 0; News Media, 1.
Since then, the authorities have managed to rein in the media again, and the Propaganda Department is ordering news organizations to report on how wonderful the relief efforts are. Many Chinese journalists are chafing instead to investigate corruption and the reasons schools collapsed when government offices didn’t. The final score will depend on whether those stories are published.
China-watchers have long debated whether the country is evolving toward greater freedom and pluralism. One camp, myself included, believes it is. We see China slowly following the trajectory of South Korea, Indonesia, Mongolia and other neighboring countries away from authoritarianism. We see perestroika leading to glasnost.
Frankly, the evidence has been mixed, and the skeptics are right to note that dissidents are still more likely to end up in jail than on the news. But on balance, the earthquake gives hope to us optimists.
hina may claim to be Marxist-Leninist, but it’s really market-Leninist. The rise of wealth, a middle class, education and international contacts are slowly undermining one-party rule and nurturing a new kind of politics.
Prime Minister Wen Jiabao is hard-working and blessed with nearly a photographic memory, but he also may be the second-most boring person alive (after his boss, President Hu Jintao). Both Mr. Hu and Mr. Wen rose through the system as classic Communist apparatchiks — Brezhnevs with Chinese faces. Yet Mr. Wen has seen the political landscape changing and has struggled recently to reinvent himself. When the earthquake hit, Mr. Wen flew immediately to the disaster area and appeared constantly on television, overseeing rescue operations.
Heroic tidbits seeped out. Mr. Wen fell and cut himself but refused medical attention. He bellowed directions to generals over the telephone and then slammed the handset down. He shouted to children buried in a pile of rubble: “This is Grandpa Wen Jiabao. Children, you’ve got to hold on!”
Mr. Wen’s conduct is striking because it’s what we expect of politicians, not dictators. His aim was to come across as a “good emperor,” not to win an election. But presumably he behaved in this way partly because he felt the hot breath of public opinion on his neck.
China now has 75 million blogs, often carrying criticisms of the government, as well as tens of thousands of citizen protests each year. China’s police announced that they had punished 17 earthquake “rumor-mongers” last week, with penalties of up to 15 days in jail. But repression isn’t what it used to be, and dissidents now are often less afraid of the government than it is of them.
In the 1980s, China’s hard-liners ferociously denounced “heping yanbian” — “peaceful evolution” toward capitalism and democracy. The hard-liners worried that if citizens had a choice of clothing, of jobs, of housing, of television programs, they might also want a role in choosing national policy. The earthquake may be remembered as a milestone in that peaceful evolution. My hunch is that the Communist Party is lurching in the direction, over 10 or 20 years, of becoming a Social Democratic Party that dominates the country but that grudgingly allows opposition victories and a free press.
China today reminds me of Taiwan when I lived there in the late 1980s when the government was still trying to be dictatorial but just couldn’t get away with it. It was no longer scary enough.
Back then, the smartest of the Taiwan apparatchiks, like a young Harvard-educated party official named Ma Ying-jeou, glimpsed the future and began to reinvent themselves as democratic politicians. The epilogue: Mr. Ma took office this week as the newly elected president of a democratic Taiwan.
纯粹的德国足球
还没来得及说工作的事情,就辞职了。
论文终于写完了!
致 谢
“与 许多博士论文相同,本书只是一个宏大研究设想的最微不足道的副产品,因为最初的研究计划实在是太宏大了,它本来会使获得博士学位成为一种终身工作。”(哈罗德·拉斯韦尔,《世界大战中的宣传技巧》导言)
作为一名本科生,也许会有这样的感慨:为什么我生的这么晚——那些经典的理论,精彩的论断,都被前人说尽了!在实践经验和理论修养都非常有限的本科阶段, 自以为很新颖,很独到的见解,往往要么实际上很肤浅,要么是“前人之述备矣”。更常见的,是雄心壮志要做大事业,一篇万余字的文章,便要解决个大难题。事 实上,我的这篇学士论文最难的不是资料搜集,不是观点的提炼,正是如何避免上述两种错误。
这篇论文,是我四年来在对新闻学、传播学的学习中形成的若干观点的综合,其中很多观点是互通互融的。虽然只是雏形,可是在国内还没有见到明确的类似提法,可以说还算新颖;落脚于具体的改革措施,在实践经验不甚丰富的情况下使我避免了空洞的坐而论道。
这些都要感谢涂光雍老师对我“读一本,写一本”的严 格要求和如何做读书笔记的指导,使我受益终身;感谢唐明文老师在政治学、社会学、文化传播、新闻政策等方面的长期指导,加强了我的理论根基;感谢孙玉凤老 师对拙文不厌其烦的反复推敲,从构思到成文,无不受益于您的指导;感谢四年来所有教授过我的老师,没有你们的传道授业解惑,便不会有这篇文章。
居然没有时间写论文……
准备写论文拉
天啊,这么久没来了
在天涯回复的关于80年代人的帖子。
我被老庄灵魂附体
人,不能比较
一直都很喜欢比较,因为有比较才有差别,论文才能凑够字数——童兵的比较新闻学读了个开头,我就认识到了这一点。
然而人跟人是不能比的。人比人,气死人。
别人的工作清闲工资高,别人的皮肤清爽皱纹少,别人在国外乐逍遥,别人保送直到老,别人的老婆就是好……
人的欲望是在与他人的比较中产生膨胀的。
我们往往拿别人的优越跟自己的不足比较,即使双方是平等的,自己心里也是绝大的不平。
更何况人与人之间本就不平等。
怀旧,依然怀旧
偶然进入一位mm的space,发现我的这个小小私人空间赫然列于友情链接之中,不禁惭愧——曾经那么喜欢她的我竟也一两年没跟她联系;每日浑浑噩噩的生活,博客也常年没有更新;而这两年的行径,更算不上“君子”。
我有个习惯,每天晚上临睡前想一些事情,类似白日梦的东西。内容也随我的成长从“跟某某人拉拉小手”“中了500万后的幸福生活”变为未来的工作场景,考研复试的挥洒自如。每每想着想着就睡着了。但是,有一件事是不能想的“失眠禁忌”——如果回到中学时代。
如果回到中学时代,我每天上课都看喜欢的书,很鸟的不甩老师;
我会多打不喜欢的篮球,让自己再长高些,我会坚持锻炼身体,让自己更强壮;
我会珍惜跟女孩子相处的时间,会跟几个哥们更铁一些,会对同桌的女同学好一些……
我会看见12岁的柏洋、王一超、韩博——想想看,我深情地注视着你们,可是你们却不认识我~哈哈
如果人生可以重来,每个人都会成为圣人。
柯南为自己不能变回大人而郁闷,可是能够重新活一次可真幸福啊。
虽然知道这是一种逃避,甚至可能是失败者的安慰剂,但我乐此不疲的幻想重回12岁后跟你们的交往。
正如你所见,我是一个怀旧的人。郑渊洁说,不管什么,只要在你的生命里出现过,你就对它有种特殊的感情。在回味往昔的点点滴滴的时候,我回味着生活的质感。往日小小的片断,只要我记得,就敝帚自珍。我的记忆力,似乎对琐细的细节十分敏感,以至于让我害怕脑子不够用的。可是,为什么,为什么想不起你的容颜呢?
md,太久没来,登陆名都忘了……或者近况
最近看世界杯,mm很乖的陪我看,
我也很开心的给她扫盲。
mm初接触足球,就开始对裁判表示强烈不满,“他明明故意剔那个人,都不给牌儿,那个人不小心碰着他,都给红牌儿啊~!”
嗯,有前途!刚当上球迷就开始骂裁判了,哈哈~
而且mm还很讨厌贝克汉姆哦! 说他不会踢球,长的也不帅。
mm喜欢克林斯曼和克洛奇……
哈哈
英格兰明显一般,就会欺负弱小,mm喜欢的欧文没有状态。
看了这几场比赛,觉得拉姆这个小伙子很不错嘛。
我转这条文章是用来批判的!
我转这条文章是用来批判的!
没有创意+不懂cs !
cs里团队配合才是王道,你做爱时会叫几个兄弟跟你配合着干你老婆?
cs里没有最强的枪,只有最强的人,你做爱时不用阴茎只告诉女人“老子练的是葵花宝典”?
cs里“射别人屁股惹人非议”?看来笑话的作者不明白什么叫做“意识”,更不明白什么叫“防守”。
而cs的境界是什么?是体育精神的体现,是电脑上的足球比赛,是对真善美的追求。
要说cs和做爱的相同,只能说一点:都需要全身心的投入,都需要找到真正的对手。
综上,笑话作者是个低等的cser,打了几天混战就来调侃——回家练练再来吧!
CS和做爱的相同之处
1、都是分两伙
2.主要的目标都是尽量把枪里的东西射给对方
3.你会看到一些液体从人体里喷溅出
4.枪械的大小、长短、粗细不同,性能和威力也大相径庭
5.没有钱的时候只好打手枪
6.cs第一局都是手枪大战,ml也是
7.菜鸟都是乱射一气,死了拉倒
8.点射还是连射,有很大的学问
9.和平时期会找假人来练习.cs里叫bot,ml里叫充气女郎
10.大家都会找一些东西来改善枪的性能.消声器、瞄准镜,伟哥、XX神油都是很常见的东西
11.要是想叛变到对方那一伙,先缴枪
12.大战结束都是或卧或躺,人叠人的现象也很常见
13.都要从高手的录象里学经验.一对多的景象也是录像里常见
14.都可以在作战时截图或是录象,选择一个cs录像软件或8mm摄像机
15.用手枪的羡慕mp5,用mp5的羡慕ak-47,用ak的羡慕awp,用awp的羡慕重机枪.用重机枪的觉得还是打手枪比较随意
16.射别人的屁股会引起非议.讨厌Ass f**ker的不比讨厌Camper的少
17.如果你射自己的同类,你有麻烦了!大家看Team killer 和Gay 的眼光都不是很亲切
18.男生都对b21有特殊的兴趣,晚上也会在被窝里练习
19.如果你经常射在别人脸上,要么你是个爆头高手,要么你喜欢有人给你“咬”(分开念),要么两者都是
20.出征前都会为了安全买个东西套在“头”上.材料么,cs里是钢铁,ml里是橡胶
21.大爆发之前都会有提示.“Get out here,she’s going to blow!“ 或“Ohye..ohye..I’m coming,I’mcoming!”
22.打cs的人多了,会组成战队;ml从来都是一对一对的,所以是“战对”
23.打反恐时的手型-左手指尖摸几个凸起物(键帽),右手摸一个又白又圆又光滑的东西(鼠标);在ml里经常用
24.在一个被你击毙的条子身上喷个裸女很容易;在一个裸女身上用你的那点白漆喷一个警徽却很困难
25.很多地点都可以展开大战:办公室,火车,别墅,城堡...等
26.“Fire in the hole!”CS里只是喊,ml里才是做
萧邦*raindrop
我一直不觉得自己有音乐天赋,所以在钢琴欣赏课上从来小心翼翼,不出风头。
那天听到萧邦,钢琴诗人。对我这个音乐盲来说,一样听不出什么道道……
打动我了,《雨滴》前奏曲。
他跟我一样,爱上了一个年长的女子。或者说,我认为是这样。
《雨滴》的背景:他和她逃在某个小岛上,他在某个破败的修道院避雨,默默的等着爱人。
滴答、滴答。
思绪。
滴答、滴答。
迷惘。
滴答、滴答。
激越。
滴答、滴答。
忍耐。
滴答、滴答。
祈祷。
教堂的钟声。
雨歇。
回忆点点滴滴。
滴答、滴答。
幸福。
滴答、滴答。
甜蜜。
滴答、滴答。
争执。
滴答、滴答。
烦恼。
滴答、滴答。
懊悔。
滴答、滴答。
承受。
滴答、滴答。
等待。
滴答、滴答。
希望。
滴答、滴答。
奢望。
滴答、滴答。
自嘲。
滴答、滴答。
自卑。
滴答、滴答。
决心。
滴答、滴答。
滴答、滴答。
继续等待。
滴答、滴答。
无尽的等待。
滴答、滴答……
地震
早上正做梦呢,感觉似乎床在摇动。当我清醒到能够明白这不是梦后第一反应就是:地震啦~~
小学的时候,教我们书法的孙金合老师,曾经与我们分享了他的地震经历,也是在床上睡着……
唉,我们好点背啊……
出来看看,发现没什么热闹可看,于是开始懊恼,于是开始追查没让我看到热闹的责任人:武汉市人民政府。
马上开电脑,上网一看,靠,跟松花江一样,政府网站上啥都没有。
地震倒没什么,我更在意,怎么没人告诉我?武汉地震局难道跟唐山地震局一样的?
我不怕死,但想死个明白。
难道没有检测到?我们的技术就这么烂,能安心生活么?
检测到为什么不发布?
小震就可以不发布?
Toxic Slick Flows Into Major City(松花江污染)
Toxic Slick Flows Into Major City in Northeast China
By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Published: November 24, 2005
Filed at 3:56 a.m. ET
HARBIN, China (AP) -- A slick of river-borne toxins from a chemical plant explosion flowed into a major Chinese city Thursday as the government dug wells after shutting down its water system to protect millions of residents from the pollution.
The 50-mile-long stretch of water carrying toxic benzene flowing through Harbin, a northeastern city of 3.8 million people, at about 3 a.m., the government said. It was expected to take 40 hours to pass.
''After it passes ... we will have to make efforts to disinfect the water,'' Shi Zhongxin, director of the city's water bureau, said on state television. He did not give any details.
Harbin shut down its water system at midnight on Tuesday after a chemical plant explosion Nov. 3 in the nearby city of Jilin spewed toxic benzene into the Songhua River. Jilin is about 120 miles southeast of Harbin.
The announcement of the impending shutdown set off panicked buying of water, soft drinks and milk. Families stocked up by filling bathtubs and buckets.
The city government announced it was digging 100 new wells.
On Thursday, thousands of one-liter bottles of drinking water stood in huge stacks outside wholesale shops. Families bought them by the dozen to take home by bicycle, while sidewalk vendors left pushing carts straining under hundreds of bottles.
One shop owner, who would give only her surname, Jiang, said her sales had doubled to 25,000 bottles a day at 12 U.S. cents each. Authorities froze prices to prevent overcharging.
''We're charging exactly what we did before,'' Jiang said. She said distributors were bringing in extra supplies.
''Whatever we need, we can get,'' she said.
Harbin is one of the coldest places in China, with overnight temperatures this week of 10 degrees Fahrenheit. During its famed ''ice lantern'' festival, giant slabs of ice cut from the Songhua are used to construct copies of famous buildings and artworks in public parks.
China's central government confirmed for the first time Wednesday that the shutdown was a result of a ''major water pollution incident.'' Local officials earlier disclosed the reason for the shutdown, but officials in Beijing had refused to comment.
The tip-off was a trail of dead fish in the Songhua River, the official China Daily newspaper reported Thursday. It said a monitoring station found on Nov. 20 that benzene and nitrobenzene levels were far above state standards -- with nitrobenzene at one point 103.6 times higher than normal.
''Massive amounts can lead to the disorder of blood cells -- in other words, leukemia,'' Zhang Lanying, director of the Environment and Resources Institute at Jilin University, was quoted as saying.
The explosion, which forced the evacuation of 10,000 people, was blamed on human error in a tower that processed benzene, a toxic, flammable liquid.
In neighboring Russia, news reports said concern was growing over the pollution threat in the border city of Khabarovsk, about 435 miles downriver from Harbin.
Liu Jianchao, a spokesman for China's Foreign Ministry, said Thursday that the Russian Embassy in Beijing had been briefed twice by Chinese officials and both sides have agreed to share information and cooperate closely in monitoring the situation.
''The Chinese side attaches great importance to the potential impact and harm cause by the pollution on our neighbor Russia'' he said at a regular briefing.
The disaster highlights the precarious state of China's scarce water supplies. The country is trying to meet competing demands from its 1.3 billion people and booming industry, while the government says major rivers are dangerously polluted.
With its huge population, China ranks among countries with the smallest water supplies per person. Hundreds of cities regularly suffer shortages of water for drinking or industry.
Protests have erupted in rural areas throughout China over complaints that pollution is ruining water supplies and damaging crops. Protesters often accuse officials of failing to enforce environmental rules either in exchange for bribes or for fear of hurting local business.
''This is the tip of the iceberg,'' said Elizabeth C. Economy, director of Asia Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations in New York and author of the 2004 book ''The River Runs Black: The Environmental Challenge o China's Future.''
''We've seen over the past six months or so a number of factory-related protests ... because factories don't live up to or don't enforce China's own environmental regulations and laws,'' she said. ''So if, in fact, this is a case of that happening, then this is part of a much broader, systemic problem.''
The shutdown affects Harbin but not its suburbs, said an official of the city water department who would give only his surname, Chen.
A Party Girl Leads China's Online Revolution
A Party Girl Leads China's Online Revolution
By HOWARD W. FRENCH
Published: November 24, 2005
SHANGHAI, Nov. 23 - On her fourth day of keeping a Web log, she introduced herself to the world with these striking words: "I am a dance girl, and I am a party member."
"I don't know if I can be counted as a successful Web cam dance girl," that early post continued. "But I'm sure that looking around the world, if I am not the one with the highest diploma, I am definitely the dance babe who reads the most and thinks the deepest, and I'm most likely the only party member among them."
Thus was born, early in July, what many regard as China's most popular blog.
Sometimes timing is everything, and such was the case with the anonymous blogger, a self-described Communist Party member from Shanghai who goes by the pseudonym Mu Mu.
A 25-year-old, Mu Mu appears online most evenings around midnight, shielding her face while striking poses that are provocative, but never sexually explicit.
She parries questions from some of her tens of thousands of avid followers with witticisms and cool charm.
Chinese Web logs have existed since early in this decade, but the form has exploded in recent months, challenging China's ever vigilant online censors and giving flesh to the kind of free-spoken civil society whose emergence the government has long been determined to prevent or at least tightly control.
Web experts say the surge in blogging is a result of strong growth in broadband Internet use, coupled with a huge commercial push by the country's Internet providers aimed at wooing users. Common estimates of the numbers of blogs in China range from one million to two million and growing fast.
Under China's current leader, Hu Jintao, the government has waged an energetic campaign against freedom of expression, prohibiting the promotion of public intellectuals by the news media; imposing restrictions on Web sites; pressing search engine companies, like Google, to bar delicate topics, particularly those dealing with democracy and human rights; and heavily censoring bulletin board discussions at universities and elsewhere.
So far, Chinese authorities have mostly relied on Internet service providers to police the Web logs. Commentary that is too provocative or directly critical of the government is often blocked by the provider. Sometimes the sites are swamped by opposing comment - many believe by official censors - that is more favorable to the government.
Blogs are sometimes shut down altogether, temporarily or permanently. But the authorities do not yet seem to have an answer to the proliferation of public opinion in this form.
The new wave of blogging took off earlier this year. In the past, a few pioneers of the form stood out, but now huge communities of bloggers are springing up around the country, with many of them promoting one another's online offerings, books, music or, as in Mu Mu's case, a running, highly ironic commentary about sexuality, intellect and political identity.
"The new bloggers are talking back to authority, but in a humorous way," said Xiao Qiang, director of the China Internet Project at the University of California, Berkeley. "People have often said you can say anything you want in China around the dinner table, but not in public. Now the blogs have become the dinner table, and that is new.
"The content is often political, but not directly political, in the sense that you are not advocating anything, but at the same time you are undermining the ideological basis of power."
A fresh example was served up last week with the announcement by China of five cartoonlike mascot figures for the 2008 Olympics in Beijing. They were lavishly praised in the press - and widely ridiculed in blogs that seemed to accurately express public sentiment toward them.
"It's not difficult to create a mascot that's silly and ugly," wrote one blogger. "The difficulty is in creating five mascots, each sillier and uglier than the one before it."
A leading practitioner of the sly, satirical style that is emerging here as an influential form of political and social commentary is a 38-year-old Beijing entertainment journalist named Wang Xiaofeng. Mr. Wang, who runs a site called Massage Milk, is better known to bloggers by his nickname, Dai San Ge Biao, which means Wears Three Watches.
His blog mixes an infectious cleverness with increasingly forthright commentary on current events, starting with his very nickname, which is a patent mockery of the political theory of the former Chinese Communist Party chief Jiang Zemin, which was labeled San Ge Dai Biao, or the Three Represents.
In a recent commentary, as the government stoked patriotic sentiment during the commemoration of the defeat of the Japanese in World War II, Mr. Wang asked who really fought the enemy, making the provocative observation that only two Communist generals had died fighting Japan, while more than 100 of their Nationalist counterparts had.
"In blogging I don't need to be concerned about taboos," Mr. Wang said. "I don't need to borrow a euphemism to express myself. I can do it more directly, using the exact word I want to, so it feels a lot freer."
Another emerging school of blogging, potentially as subversive as any political allegory, involves bringing Chinese Web surfers more closely in touch with things happening outside their country.
Typically, this involves avid readers of English who scour foreign Web sites and report on their findings, adding their own commentary, in Chinese blogs.
Several bloggers like this have become opinion leaders, usually in areas like technology, culture, current events or fashion, building big followings by being fast and prolific.
One of the leading sites was run by Isaac Mao, a Shanghai investment manager who had built a following writing about education and technology. His site, isaacmao.com, was later blocked by the authorities after he posted a graphic purporting o illustrate the workings of the firewall operated by the country's censors.
Mr. Mao, an organizer of the first national bloggers' conference in Shanghai this month, recently went back online at isaacmao.blogbus.com/s1034872/index.html.
By far the biggest category of blogs remains the domain of the personal diary, and in this crowded realm, getting attention places a premium on uniqueness.
For the past few months, Mu Mu, the Shanghai dancer, has held pride of place, revealing glimpses of her body while maintaining an intimate and clever banter with her many followers, who are carefully kept in the dark about her real identity.
"In China, the concepts of private life and public life have emerged only in the past 10 to 20 years," she said in an online interview. "Before that, if a person had any private life, it only included their physical privacy - the sex life, between man and woman, for couples.
"I'm fortunate to live in a transitional society, from a highly political one to a commercial one," she wrote, "and this allows me to enjoy private pleasures, like blogging."